Gully erosion learn about the impacts of this type of soil erosion, why it occurs and how we can treat and stop it. They also include the loss of available land and an increase of labour costs. Gully erosion is more difficult and expensive to control than sheet and rill erosion. Therefore, several studies have been conducted over the past decades to quantify gully headcut retreat ghr in different environments. In this study the environmental impacts of the gully erosion were investigated and remedies are being suggested to arrest andor minimize the menace. Though the region was agriculturally developed relatively recently, it went through high intensity cultivation and fast succession processes within shorttime scales. Storm water runoff, soil erosion and sedimentation. Gully erosion is the devastating kind of erosion, which can become a hazard if human factors such as landuse change, grazing pressure, and inadequate farming are exacerbated. To evaluate gullycontrol structures installed 20 to 25 years ago on the pike and san isabel national forests. Contrary to sheet and rill erosion, the damage done to land by gully erosion is permanent. However, it is the combined effects of these factors of soil erosion that make its operation and. Factors, impacts and prevention of gully erosion term.
Assessment of environmental impacts and remedies for gully. Gully and stream bank erosion are naturally occurring processes. The focus of this study is to access gully erosion in some selected areas of minna. In the case of gully erosion, the usually unpredictable impacts are often more serious and flashy. Therefore, minimizing surface runoff is essential in gully control. Gully erosion in the paschim medinipur district of west bengal, indiahas been an issue of anxiety, formed by the amputation of soil from narrow channels through the accretion of surface runoff. Technical supplement 14p gullies and their control ts14pii 210vineh, august 2007 figures figure ts14p1 leeds, sc. To combat gully erosion, most upland rice farmers fill gullies with wood and trash i.
As a result of historical landuse change, there have been. These questions pose major challenges to the scientific community poesen 2011. Rainfall runoff most erosion is caused during heavy storms rather than during prolonged light showers. It is also more spectacular than the other forms of erosion. Practices to control soil erosion and sediment delivery practices to control sheet and rill erosion modify one or more of the factors affecting erosion processes. Rill erosion can be reduced by reducing the volume and speed of surface water with grassed waterways and filter strips, ripped mulch lines, and contour drains. Rill erosion is often described as the intermediate stage between sheet erosion and gully erosion. The variability in north carolinas terrain, soils, and vegetation makes erosion control unique to each development. Specific characteristics of gully erosion in ankpa and environs. Sheet and rill erosion, gully erosion, streambankbed erosion and wind erosion are the primary concerns. Factors that impact directly on the development of gully erosion are ground cover, erodibility of soils and volume and velocity of flows. Assessment of drivers and dynamics of gully erosion.
To assess the potential of gully control measures to protect ecosystem services and assess the conditions required for their largescale implementation, this paper critically evaluates a range of gully control measures documented in the world overview of conservation. Control measures to stem gully erosion that are incipient are most effective when erosion is still at an early stage obidimma and olorunfemi, 2011. Gully erosion can be defined as the displacement of soil or soft rock particles by a. These precipitation factors also turn into high runoff which causes flooding and forms gullies. Benefits of a gullycontrol program accrue to both onsite and downstream users alike. Effects of erosion control practices on nutrient loss. An assessment of the socio economic impacts of soil erosion in southeastern nigeria shaping the change xxiii fig congress munich, germany, october 8, 2006 215 while there is need to control the degree of environmental abuse by house builders and construction firms in the area, the study concluded that local and national governments, as. Factors, impacts and prevention of gully erosion submitted by. Therefore, the objective of this research was to assess the drivers, dynamics and impacts of gully erosion in case of tabota koromo and.
References for channel incision and headcut mitigation. Gully erosion has important on and off site effects. When rain impacts exposed soil particles, the particles dislodge and splash into the air. Overland erosion occurs on bare slopes as a result of rain splash and storm water runoff. The predominate type of erosion and source of sediment from construction sites is overland erosion. Gully development and spread also involve disaggregation and removal of earth materials along a defined path down slope, in a course of running flood. Processes and principles of erosion and sedimentation. Erosion control should be emphasized as the primary design goal before sediment control in a soil erosion and. Understanding the cause of the gully erosion can help in identifying the best treatment option. Chapter gully erosion and its control publications. Although soil erosion has been taking place very slowly in natural ecosystems throughout geologic time, its cumulative impacts on soil quality over billions of years has been signi. Watersheds deteriorate because of mans misuse of the land, short intensive rainstorms, prolonged rains of moderate intensity, and rapid snow melts.
However, with changes to landuse, grazing, cane production and mining, there has been a significant increase in erosion across the landscape alongside the great barrier reef. Read this science term paper and over 89,000 other research documents. The method of data collection employed is through field work which involves the use of gps to. An assessment of the socio economic impacts of soil. Investigating the causes and impacts of gully erosion in. An erosion gully site in ankpa the ankpa metropolis and environs is one of the areas of southeastern nigeria that have been ravaged by severe gully erosion. Organic carbon, chemical properties, textural characteristics and moisture content of the soil have been suggested as the most useful factors to be considered in a detailed survey and control of. To prevent these negative impacts and to remediate affected areas which can be very costly, the spatial extent of the problem and the factors causing it.
The severe impact of valley bottom gullies is illustrated by findings in the humid. Sustainability free fulltext gully erosion control. Impacts, factors and control find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Assessment of gully erosion rates through interviews and measurements. Only when the bed instabilities are under control can stabilisation of the gully head and banks occur. The issue of gully erosion is of a major concern both globally and locally. This chapter considers the impacts of gully erosion, the factors that contribute to. Gully erosion is generally most highly developed where the contributing effects of land use, climate and slope interact. Generally, gullies are formed by an increase in surface runoff. Controlling a gully once it has started generally requires a combination of. This study examines the causes and consequences of gully erosion, as perceived by the local people of dangara area, nigeria. If the cause of the erosion cannot be reversed, then it may not be appropriate to restore the gully back to its preerosion condition. Gully erosion may cause considerable soil losses and.
In ethiopia gully erosion has been recorded as a very serious and common socioeconomic and environmental problem of several watersheds. Gully erosion is the destructive and dramatic form of land degradation in northeast china. Gully erosion is any erosion channel that is so deep that it cannot be crossed by a wheeled vehicle, unlike rills which can easily be filled through normal cultivation. Suggesting measures to tackle this ecodisastergully erosion in the state. Gully erosion attracts increasing attention from scientists as reflected by two recent international meetings poesen and valentin eds. Pdf an assessment of gully erosion in selected areas of. Globally erosion has been considered as an environmental and agricultural problem since the first agricultural revolution. Gully erosion assessment and control guide local land services. Gully erosion gully erosion is an advanced stage of rill erosion. This has seen an increase in sediment and nutrient runoff into the reef. Gully erosion caused physical, social and economic impacts in the area. However, many research questions remain, including gullying mechanisms, human impacts on gully erosion and gully control measures.
Gully erosion is a widespread and often dramatic form of. These factors are interrelated in their effect on erosion potential. Page 4 of 11 the geology of the area is a major factor in gully erosion. The causes and impacts of the gully erosion menace in the auchi community of edo state, nigeria. Gully erosion is a potentially lethal geomorphological process and thus constitutes a major threat to life and property. Gully erosion and landslides in southeastern nigeria. Processes, factors and consequences of gully erosion. Causes and controlling factors of valley bottom gullies mdpi. Factors that impact directly on the development of gully erosion are ground cover, erodibility of soils and volume and. Overland erosion is generally separated into three categories. Factors that impact directly on the development of gully erosion are ground cover, erodibility. For the farmers, the development of gullies leads to a loss of crop yields and available land as well as an increase of workload i.
Towards an assessment of the ephemeral gully erosion. Here, we attempted to investigate the erosion variability of gully in a micro catchment area, and also scrutinized the gully crosssectional areas as distinct components of gully volumes. Assessment of drivers and dynamics of gully erosion in. Gully erosion as a natural and humaninduced hazard pdf. Moreover soil erosion is very sensitive to both natural and human factors pimentel and.
Investigating the causes and impacts of gully erosion in auchi, nigeria umar kadiri afegbua1. Gully erosion causes severe damage to crops and infrastructures and affects the provision of ecosystem services worldwide. The study particularly seeks to explore the local peoples perceptions of gully erosion and how it affects crop, settlement development, crop yields, land ownership and values, rural economics and private conservation investments in dangara area of nigerias federal. Examining the factors responsible for gully erosion in akwa ibom state. The region is the grain production and ecological security base of china where the fertile and productive mollisols are distributed. Discussing the impacts of gully erosion on sustainable development, and 3. Gully form of soil erosion causes extensive socioeconomic and environmental impacts, and most of them are negative valentin et al. The first is that present control measures are not entirely satisfactory in particular, a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms of different kinds of gullies is.
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